Symptoms of CKD

Initially, kidney failure does not appear specific symptoms, the most common is the index of abnormal creatinine and proteinuria.
• Blood pressure is increased because of fluid overload, vascular hormones created by the kidney, and the renin-angiotensine.Cela system will increase the risk of a patient with renal failure and hypertension.
• The potassiumes accumulate in the blood (most common is hyperkalemia), hyperkalemia does dévelolppe generally not until the rate of glomerular filitration falls below 20 to 25 mL / min / 1.732 in this cases, the kidneys will decrease the ability to excrete potassiums. Furthermore, hyperkaliéme CKD may be exacerbated by acidosis (which conduct extracellular potassium change) and the lack of insulin.
• synthesis of erythropoietin is reduced.
• Hyperphosphatemia: due to the reduction of phosphate excretion, following the reduction of glomerular filtration. Hyperphosphatemia is associated with cardiovascular risk, as a direct stimulus to vascular calcification.
• The volume of fluid overload: the symptoms can range from mild to life-threatening edema and pulmonary edema.
• Urea accumulates: leading to azotemia and uremia eventually (symptoms ranging from lethargy to pericarditis).
• metabolic acidosis due to the accumulation of sulfates, phosphates, uric acid, etc.

• Iron deficiency anemia which increases after renal function decreases and a patient who hemodialysis. Other causes teles c: increased inflammation, reduction of erythropoietin.