What is kidney failure?

Renal failure is the development of a variety of chronic kidney disease to kidney function caused by late or part of a pathological state of all the loss. Progression of renal failure can be divided into acute renal failure and chronic renal failure, acute renal failure quickly, usually caused by inadequate blood supply of the kidneys (such as trauma or burns), kidney function due to some factors that cause damage or obstruction by poison injury, acute renal failure caused by generation. The main reason for the long-term chronic renal failure kidney disease, along with the time and the disease, decreased kidney function, resulting in renal failure.
1. Acute renal failure
Rapid progression of acute renal failure, renal blood flow is usually due to insufficient supply (such as scratches or burns), renal obstruction due to some factors that cause functional impairment or hurt by poison, causing acute renal failure generation.
2. Chronic renal failure
Chronic renal failure refers to the slowly progressive renal damage caused by a variety of kidney disease eventually lead to a complete loss of uremia and renal function, causing a series of clinical symptoms and biochemical composition of endocrine metabolic disorders such as clinical syndrome from primary disease onset to begin with renal insufficiency, the interval can be several years to ten years.
Cause of disease
1. Acute renal failure
Usually caused by insufficient blood supply of the kidneys (such as scratches or burns), renal obstruction due to some factors that cause functional impairment or hurt by poison, causing acute renal failure generation.
2. Chronic renal failure
Because long-term kidney disease, along with the time and the disease, decreased kidney function, resulting in renal failure.
Clinical manifestations
1. oliguria
The most critical stage of the disease, a serious disturbance in the environment. Patients may oliguria (<400ml / day) or no urine (<100ml / day), low urine specific gravity (1.010 ~ 1.020), urinary sodium, hematuria, proteinuria, tubular urine. Water intoxication can occur in patients with severe hyperkalemia (often do this on the cause of death), metabolic acidosis (can promote hyperkalemia occurred) and azotemia (progressive increase can occur uremia), etc. endanger the lives of patients. This period of a few days to a few weeks, the longer the duration, the worse the prognosis.
2. polyuria
After increasing urine oliguria, when daily urine output of more than 500ml, enter polyuria. Since then, the daily urine output doubled, the highest daily urine 3000-6000ml, even up 10000ml more. In the initial period polyuria, urine output, although increased, but the renal clearance rate is still low, the accumulation of metabolites still exists. About 4 to 5 days, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine and decreased with increased urine output, along with improvement in symptoms of uremia. Potassium, sodium, chloride and other electrolytes in the urine may lead to a large number of discharged electrolyte imbalance or dehydration, should pay attention to the peak stage of oliguria may change as hypokalemia. This period lasts 1 to 2 weeks.
3. recovery

Urine gradually returned to normal, 3 to 12 months, the gradual recovery of renal function, renal function in most patients recovered to normal levels, only a minority of patients with chronic renal failure.