What is the treatment of chronic renal failure

The main principle of treatment of chronic renal failure is a reasonable regulation of water, electrolyte and acid-base balance to stabilize the internal environment of the body, as well as the necessary symptomatic treatment aspects. The purpose is to save now intact nephron, prolong life.
General treatment: primary disease should be actively treated, reduce the work, to avoid fatigue and cold, prevent colds, no use of nephrotoxic drugs, often reviewed renal function and accept the guidance of doctors and so on.
Diet: give low-protein diet, adult daily intake of 20-30 grams of protein. Protein to animal protein contains essential amino acid-based, such as milk, eggs, fish and lean meat and so on. Digestible diet containing adequate vitamin, supplement some heat. Water intake and flexibility according to the principle of balance out.
Control predisposing factors: such as various infections, diarrhea, vomiting, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders and kidney damage can lead to drug use and other symptoms of renal failure, control of predisposing factors, symptoms can improve or maintain the existing stage of renal decay process of development.
Treatment of metabolic acidosis: mild acidosis (carbon dioxide combining power at 20-15.7 mmol / l) may by correcting water, electrolyte imbalance improved, also with sodium bicarbonate 4-8 g / day in divided orally. When the carbon dioxide combining power fell to 13.5 mmol / l or less, should intravenous alkaline liquid.
Treatment of heart failure: causes of heart failure are mainly sodium retention, hypertension, anemia and toxic accumulation. The main treatment is hemodialysis and hemofiltration these two methods are most effective. Under no conditions, cardiac, diuretic, antispasmodic and vasodilators may also be used, but less effective. Correcting water, electrolyte imbalance:
Dehydration and hyponatremia treatment: mild dehydration can be corrected by oral rehydration. Severe dehydration or rehydration urgently needed (such as severe vomiting, diarrhea) available intravenous rehydration. Lack of sodium in patients with mild can be adjusted through diet. There are blood pressure, heart rate of critically ill patients may be given intravenous supplement formula based on. Strict attention should complement satisfied heart function.
Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia treatment: uremia hypokalemia generally oral potassium-based. Emergency situations, but also through intravenous supplement. Dose and speed should be strictly controlled. Common clinical hyperkalemia than hypokalemia, serum potassium more than 6 mmol / liter symptoms can occur, up to 8 mmol / h l, can be life threatening, need emergency treatment.
Hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia: Chronic renal failure patients more associated with hypocalcemia, should be routine oral calcium. In the event of hypocalcemia convulsions, the time may be intravenous glucose or calcium chloride. For hyperphosphatemia should take aluminum hydroxide gel, but not long-term use, to prevent aluminum poisoning.
Diuretic therapy: For no obvious edema patients should be given the right amount of water, sodium load, such as 3-6 grams daily oral administration of sodium bicarbonate. Then apply a strong diuretics such as furosemide 100-200 mg, intermittent use of diuretics.
Renal Anemia Treatment: folic acid, vitamin B12, iron dextran treatment, but the effect is very emblem. Comparison of efficacy of erythropoietin exact. Ingredients transfusion or blood is one of the commonly used methods. Protein hormone synthesis applications.
Chinese medicine treatment and symptomatic treatment: nausea and vomiting can be used metoclopramide, chlorpromazine. We can use Chinese medicine according to changes in symptoms, syndrome differentiation.
Blood purification therapy:

Kidney transplantation: is healthy allogeneic kidney transplant patient into a treatment, which is an ideal way to end-stage renal disease patients.