Dragon Boat Festival, also called Double Fifth Festival, is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the lunar calendar. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by eating zong zi and racing dragon boats.
It is said that eating zong zi and racing dragon boats are to commemorate the death of Qu Yuan, a loyal minister who is said to have committed suicide by drowning himself in a river.
Qu Yuan was a minister of the State of Chu, during the Warring States Period (475-221BC). He was upright, loyal and highly esteemed for his wise counsel that brought peace and prosperity to the state. However, when a dishonest and corrupt official slandered Qu, he was disgraced and dismissed from imperial court. Realizing that the country was now in the hands of evil and corrupt officials and his great aspiration could be achieved, he leapt into the Miluo River on the fifth day of the fifth month. Nearby fishermen rushed to try to save him, but they were unable to even find his body. Thereafter, the state declined and was eventually conquered by the State of Qin.
The people of Chu who mourned the death of Qu threw rice into the river to feed his ghost every year on the fifth day of the fifth month. But one year, the spirit of Qu appeared and told the mourners that a huge reptile in the river had stolen the rice. The spirit then advised them to wrap the rice in silk and bind it with five different-colored threads before tossing it into the river.
During the Dragon Boat Festival, a glutinous rice pudding called zong zi is eaten to symbolize the rice offerings to Qu. Ingredients such as beans, meat and Chinese date are often added to the glutinous rice. The pudding is then wrapped with bamboo leaves and boiled in water for hours.
The dragon-boat races symbolize the many attempts to rescue and find Qu's body.
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