Nephrotic syndrome, caused by a loss due to the large number of plasma proteins, the protein is lost from the urine, the clinical features of massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia and was swollen. According to etiology and age of onset can be divided into primary, secondary, congenital three categories, primary renal disease is divided into two simple nephrotic syndrome and nephritis nephropathy.
① urine examination under a microscope shows a large number of red blood cells, white blood cells and various cells or granular casts. Visible eosinophils in allergic interstitial nephritis urine of patients. Urinary sodium concentration of 10 ~ 40meq / L.
② Blood: During immune complex deposition, reducing serum complement components. Under certain conditions, it can be detected in circulating immune complexes. Other assays can be found in lupus erythematosus and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and other systemic diseases.
③ biopsy: biopsy will show acute interstitial nephritis or glomerulonephritis characteristic pathological changes. Glomerular capsule widely visible crescent formation. X-ray examination: intravenous urography or renal isotope scan may appear as bad development. Because the contrast agent nephrotoxicity, and should therefore be avoided conventional intravenous urography. Ultrasonography is the best way to rule out urinary tract obstruction.
Above is introduced in the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome, generally are required for most of the kidney from the urine, blood, biopsy, etc. to be diagnosed, when people pay attention to the diagnosis of nephrotic of these three aspects, I believe you can a clear cause and symptoms and severity.
If you have any questions you can contact Shijiazhuang kidney hospital online experts.
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