What are the symptoms of glomerulonephritis?

The etiology of chronic glomerulonephritis, there are many many before the onset of the upper respiratory tract infection or other parts of the infection, a small number of chronic nephritis can be from acute nephritis evolved after streptococcus infection, but the majority of chronic nephritis, not by acute nephritis in delay, while the other primary glomerular disease has developed directly in delay, the onset of chronic nephritis.The main symptoms are:
1, the early stage of the chronic glomerulonephritis patients, most no more obvious symptoms, without the occurrence of acute inflammation, easy to ignore.
2, urine protein, can be found in the examination.
3, systemic symptom, fatigue, headache, edema, anemia, loss of appetite, insomnia, endocrine disorders and other symptoms.
4, high blood pressure, blood pressure levels vary from person to person, usually persistent existence.
5, change of urine, urine quantity is little, the whole body dropsy, nephritis is relatively serious urine volume increased, accompanied by night urination, edema is not obvious, there are even signs of dehydration.
6, anemia, and kidney erythropoietin secretion decreased, red blood cell differentiation, mature and release the related.
7, other, often because of high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, anemia and cardiac insufficiency, long-term urinary protein loss, cause hypoalbuminemia.
The above symptoms of chronic glomerulonephritis phenomenon for most patients, there are a few patient can appear the symptom of other, patients need to regular physical examination, early found early treatment
prodrome
Most patients a month before the onset of pioneering history of infection, have disease much suddenly, but can also be hidden slow onset.
Have disease
Begins with oliguria, more or less urine gradually, even anuresis.At the same time with the naked eye hematuria, duration, but microscopic haematuria persist, routine urine changes and acute glomerulonephritis are basically the same.
edema
About half of patients appeared at the beginning of the oliguria edema, to face and leg.Edema, once appear, difficult to fade.
High blood pressure
Onset in some patients with high blood pressure, also have appeared in the process of high blood pressure after onset, once increased blood pressure, the persistent, not easy to fall.
Renal impairment
The persistent increasing is the characteristic of the disease.Glomerular filtration rate decreased obviously and renal tubular dysfunction exist at the same time.

Pathological changes of the glomerular nephritis is a kidney volume than normal may be enlarged, glomerular lesions mainly affected.Within a capillary pathological type of proliferative glomerulonephritis.Then diffuse glomerular lesions, usually with endothelial cells and mesangial cell proliferation as the main performance, acute stage can be associated with neutrophils and monocytes infiltration.Lesions serious when, proliferation and infiltration of cells can be oppressive capillary loops make capillary lumen narrowed, even occlusion, and damage the glomerular filtration membrane, can appear hematuria, proteinuria and tube type urine;And decreased glomerular filtration rate, and thus on water and solute (including nitrogen metabolites, inorganic salt) discharge reduction, water sodium retention, which in turn causes the extracellular fluid volume increases, so less clinically with edema, urinary, systemic circulation pump, such as difficulty in breathing, hepatomegaly, increased venous pressure, etc.Renal tubular lesion is not obvious, but the renal interstitial edema and focal inflammatory cell infiltration.